The bay's southern limit is between Sangaman Kanda in Sri Lanka and Sumatra, Indonesia. A bay is typically less enclosed and smaller than a gulf. C F K. Atmospheric Pressure. Click on the map to add points. Gravity map of the Bay of Bengal (left). This map shows the forecast for relative humidity, whichcompares air moisture totemperature. April 9 - HMS Hermes: The world's first purpose-built aircraft carrier, which sunk after receiving 40 direct hits from 70 Mitsubishi A6M Zero fighter/bombers off the coast of Sri Lanka. - The island group is made up of 22 islands and covers an area of approximately 711 km2. Cyclones occur between April and May (spring) and October and November (fall). Its main channel enters and flows through Bangladesh, where it is known as the Padma River, before joining the Meghna River. POPs/PTSs and mercury, including organo-mercury, undergo long-range transport. Indian monsoon | Meteorology, Climate & Effects | Britannica Coastal development for several varying uses of the land and sea are common in all BOBLME countries. [61] Because of this cloud, satellites attempting to track ocean acidification and other ocean health indicators in the Bay have difficulty obtaining accurate measurements. These island groups separate the bay from the Andaman Sea. The deepest recorded area of this valley is about 1340 m.[44] The submarine canyon is part of the Bengal Fan, the largest submarine fan in the world. [56][57], The Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve provides sanctuary to many animals some of which include the saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus), giant leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea), and Malayan box turtle (Cuora amboinensis kamaroma) to name a few. October 19, 2022, Blog Post Academic and Higher Education Webinars, A Conversation With Secretary Antony Blinken, Virtual Event The Sethusamudram Shipping Canal Project is a new venture proposed which would create a channel for a shipping route to link the Gulf of Mannar with the Bay of Bengal. [25] Disputes over rights of some oil and gas blocks have caused brief diplomatic spats between Myanmar and India with Bangladesh. Author of, Associate Professor of Geography, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. 'Bengal Sub-sea or Bengal Bay'), 'Vagasgara' (Sanskrit: , lit. [50][46] The Nicobar Fan, another lobe of the fan, lies east of the Ninety East Ridge.[46]. Cyclone Amphan, a more recent tropical cyclone on the Bay of Bengal, is considered one of the costliest cyclones in history. hPa mb mmHg inHg. The Indian Navy's INS Khanjar successfully rescued 36 Indian fishermen who were stranded in the Bay of Bengal, 130 nautical miles off the coast of Tamil Nadu, on July 28. It lies at the center of two huge economic blocks, the SAARC and ASEAN. North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone - Wikipedia Heat sources show points of very high temperature detected by satellite using data from FIRMS. Terms of Service Privacy Policy Contact Us. Cyclone Amphan originated about 300 km east of Sri Lankas commercial capital Colombo on May 13, 2020. The agricultural sector provides livelihoods for millions of people and is a significant contributor to the economies of India and Bangladesh. However, tropical cyclones are most common between April and June and October and December. The sediment from these three rivers form the Bengal Delta and the submarine fan, a vast structure that extends from Bengal to south of the Equator, is up to 16.5 kilometres (10.3mi) thick, and contains at least 1,130trillion tonnes of sediment, which has accumulated over the last 17million years at an average rate of 665million tons per annum. The heat balance in the Bay of Bengal is affected by a number of factors, including Monsoon winds, River runoff, Ocean currents and Evaporation. The Bay of Bengal is one of the global 64 largest marine ecoregions. Tuna and dolphins usually reside in the same waters. Trade in products from all the habitats is transboundary in nature. The Nicobar Islands are located about 150 km north of Sumatra, Indonesia. The Ganga is the northernmost of these rivers. Alsoknown as apparent temperature or heatindex. Will Ukraines international backers use billions of dollars in seized Russian assets to support rebuilding the war-ravaged country. Bay of Bengal hogfish (Bodianus neilli) is a type of wrasse which live in turbid lagoon reefs or shallow coastal reefs. This route is used for all sea trade with the east, southeast, and Asia Pacific. AFP A deep depression over the Bay of Bengal is likely to intensify and deepen into a cyclonic storm, said India Meteorological Department (IMD). Cyclone Amphan formed on Saturday, May 16, 2020 in the Northern Indian Ocean and was initially designated Tropical Cyclone 01B. Unitech Cyber Park Sector 39, Around 4 million tonnes of microplastics are estimated to come from India and Bangladesh travelling into Sundurban and subsequently the Bay of Bengal. The Sumatra-Andaman earthquake and Asian tsunami was a result of the pressure at this zone causing a submarine earthquake which then resulted in a destructive tsunami. Coast of Cinque Island, Andamam Islands, Bay of Bengal. The Ganges, Brahmaputra, Andhra, Mahadevan, Krishna, and Godavari canyons are the most important. Several rivers flow and discharge into the Bay of Bengal. The Andaman Islands comprises 572 islands, covering approximately 6407 km2, and has about 343,000 people (2011). The fishery of the Bay of Bengal (BOB) is assumed to be suffering from the overexploitation. It is about 1,000 mi (1,600 km) wide, with an average depth exceeding 8,500 ft (2,600 m). A specialized branch, archaeology of shipwrecks, studies the salvaged artifacts of ancient ships. A line traced from Sangaman Kanda in Sri Lanka to the northwesternmost point of Sumatra in Indonesia is its southern limit. A bay is defined as a coastal water body that connects to the main water body, such as a lake, ocean, or a larger bay. The bay has over 40 fish species, including scad, anchovy, grouper mackerel, shrimp, tuna, emperor, and shark. Schools of dolphins can be seen, whether they are the bottle nose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), pantropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata) or the spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris). These were former estuaries when the shoreline was at the margin of the continental shelf during the Pleistocene Epoch (about 2,600,000 to 11,700 years ago). by Olivia Angelino, Thomas J. Bollyky, Elle Ruggiero and Isabella Turilli km of the 25,602 sq. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Learn how to create your own. The rain-bearing southwest winds prevail during summer (June to September). It influences China's southern landlocked region in the north and major sea ports of India and Bangladesh. The maximum depth is 15,400 feet (4,694 metres). [citation needed], The GangaBrahmaputra-Barak rivers deposit nearly 1000million tons of sediment every year. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Areas of low pressure are associated with stormy, inclementweather. The Tectonic origin of the Bay of Bengal and Bangladesh Climate change impacts are shared by all BOBLME countries. The area of interest (AOI) is marked by dashed lines consisting different structural and tectonic features (ECMI: Eastern Continental Margin of India, the 85E ridge, the Ninetyeast ridge: NER, the Andaman subduction zone, the Afanasy Nikitin Seamount: ANS) overlaid GEBCO bathymetry map. Cox's Bazar, the longest sea beach in the world and Sundarbans, the largest mangrove forest and the natural habitat of the Bengal tiger, are located along the bay. Water spouts occur frequently in the bay during the summer months. INDIA AND THE BAY OF BENGAL - National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Any positive outcome depends on international cooperation. The Bay of Bengal is full of biological diversity, diverging amongst coral reefs, estuaries, fish spawning and nursery areas, and mangroves. Its southern boundary is a line drawn from Sangaman Kanda in Sri Lanka to the northwesternmost point of Sumatra in Indonesia. This map shows the speed and direction of wind as forecast by weathermodels. Bay of Bengal | Indian Ocean, Climate & Geography | Britannica It was delineated and named by Joseph Curray and David Moore following a geological and geophysical survey in 1968. The bay was named after the historical Bengal region (modern-day Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and the Barak valley of Southern Assam). Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The majority of the people died from the flooding of most of the Ganges Delta islands. The main causes of the issues are: open access to fishing grounds; Government emphasis on increasing fish catches; inappropriate government subsidies provided to fishers; increasing fishing effort, especially from trawlers and purse seiners; high consumer demand for fish, including for seed and fishmeal for aquaculture; ineffective fisheries management; and illegal and destructive fishing. According to India Meteorological Department, the tropical storm resulted in 9,887 fatalities and damaged $4.44 billion worth of property. New Bay of Bengal Low-Pressure to Boost Rain Activity Across East by Omer Farooq. City lights at night are not live. The Bay of Bengal is bounded to the north by a broad continental shelf that narrows to the south, as well as by varying gradient slopes on the northwest, north, and northeast, all cut by river canyons. The bays southern limit is between Sangaman Kanda in Sri Lanka and Sumatra, Indonesia. by Lindsay Maizland Countries of the Bay of Bengal - Wikipedia The Bay of Bengal Bengal ( / bnl / ben-GAWL; [1] [2] Bengali: /, romanized : Bngl/Bng, pronounced [bgo] ( listen)) is a historical geographical, ethnolinguistic and cultural term referring to the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal. Tropical storm brewing in Bay of Bengal off Indian coast - Phys.org Bay of Bengal fan, known as Bengal Fan, also known as the Ganges Fan is world's largest abyssal fan, also known as deep-sea fans, underwater deltas, and submarine fans. China, India and Bangladesh have forged naval cooperation agreements with Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia to increase cooperation in checking terrorism in the high seas. It has the potential to build wind and tidal energy power plants. Cyclone Mocha, the first cyclone of 2023, will bring in heavy rains and strong gusts in the region in the coming days. [40] The fan has buried organic carbon at a rate of nearly 1.1trillion mol/yr (13.2million t/yr) since the early Miocene period. Global Climate Agreements: Successes and Failures, Backgrounder So, try to follow latest update to get more accuracy. The Port of Kolkata was the entryway to Crown power in India at the time. December 18, 2019 It is Indias cultural capital and home to the oldest operating port. 'Eastern Ocean'). [42], The lithosphere of the earth is broken up into what are called tectonic plates. How Cyclone Mocha brewing over the Bay of Bengal got its - Firstpost Smooth style preloads imagery for a betterappearance. The shoals and numerous islands long have limited transit through the strait to smaller vessels. The region has experienced some of the most intense, devastating, and costliest cyclones and storms in history. Although they form in different ways, the worlds largest bays like the Gulf of Guinea, Bay of Bengal, and the Gulf of Mexico formed through plate tectonics. Coeditor of. [22] In one year, the average catch is two million tons of fish from the Bay of Bengal alone. Fire Burnt Area. July 26, 2023, Cambodias Elections: No Surprises, but an Uncertain Leadership Future, In Brief South and Southeast Asia are dependent on the Bay of Bengal. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Coordinates: 15N 88E The Bay of Bengal is the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. The Bay of Bengal is also home to numerous river delta systems and supports a rich diversity of marine and coastal ecosystems. This bay has an average depth of 2,600 m and a maximum depth of 4,694 m. The Bay of Bengal is the worlds largest water body referred to as a bay. Directions. It quickly strengthened to a Category 5 cyclone as it moved north in the Bay of Bengal, making it the most powerful cyclone to form in the Bay of Bengal to date. It includes modern-day Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and Assam 's Karimganj district, located in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, at the apex of the Bay of . This map shows near real-time satelliteimagery. 'Great water receptacle')[5][6][bettersourceneeded] while it appears as Sinus Gangeticus or Gangeticus Sinus, meaning "Gulf of the Ganges", in some old European maps. The Ganges Delta is the largest river delta draining into the Bay of Bengal. The Ninety East buried ridge displays a gravity high and is ascribed to motion over a hot spot (plume). Regional, interregional, and international cooperation is essential to generate solutions. Heat sources are notlive. A bay is a body of water surrounded by land on three sides. It is designated a biosphere reserve by UNESCO. It is the longest river in India and flows for around 1,569 miles (2,525 km) from the Himalayan Mountains to the Bay of Bengal. Gopalpur-on-Sea was one of their main trading centers. 1855: The Bark "Incredible" struck on a sunken rock in the Bay of Bengal. Many South Asian and Southeast Asian countries are dependent on the Bay of Bengal. India is an agricultural country whose agriculture is heavily reliant on rainfall. Between November and April (winter season), a continental high-pressure system on the bays north causes the northeast monsoons to form. By entering your email and clicking subscribe, you're agreeing to receive announcements from CFR about our products and services, as well as invitations to CFR events. Fig. The fertile delta region of the Bay supports a wide range of crops, including rice, wheat, maize, jute, sugarcane, and oilseeds. Rivers that drain into Arabian Sea: The Narmada, the Tapi, the Mahi flowing west as well as several small streams originating from the Western Ghats flow westwards into the Arabian Sea. Friday - Saturday . The transboundary nature of these issues are: that many fish stocks are shared between BOBLME countries through the transboundary migration of fish, or larvae. Infoguide Labels and map data OpenStreetMap contributors. Sediments in the Bay of Bengal are dominated by terrigenous deposits from the rivers, derived mainly from the Indian subcontinent and from the Himalayas. Detections have limitedaccuracy. This Discussion Paper was made possible by a grant from the Carnegie Corporation of New York. The bay's mouth, where it meets the ocean or lake, is usually wider than that of a gulf. This would connect India from east to west without the necessity of going around Sri Lanka. It is also the worlds largest river delta and comprises several river systems, including the Ganges River and Brahmaputra River. Bay Of Bengal - WorldAtlas The climate of the Bay of Bengal can be defined as a monsoon climate. Key features The key geographical features of the Bay of Bengal are: Maximum length: 2 090 km (1,300 mi) Maximum width: 1 610 km (1,000 mi) Area: 2 600 000 km (1,000,000 sq mi) Average depth: 2 600 m (8,500 ft) Maximum depth: 4 694 m (15,400 ft) Why is the Bay of Bengal important? Two striking features are the gravity responses of the N-S trending buried 85E and Ninetyeast Ridges. Data provided by RainViewer. The final scenario entails greater isolationism and heightened tensions between all of the littoral states. Use the radar map for a more accurate view of precipitation inrealtime. Besides the international trade and engagement between countries, the bay is also supporting thriving fishing and tourism industries. It supports close to 31% of the world's coastal fisherman. 21 Victoria Avenue Borrowash Derbyshire DE72 3HE. [24], The Bay of Bengal is centrally located in South and Southeast Asia. Thoni and catamaran fishing boats of fishing villages thrive along the Bay of Bengal shorelines. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the bays only islands, separate it from the Andaman Sea to the southeast. The main causes of the issues are: food security needs of the coastal poor; lack of coastal development plans; increasing trade in products from coastal habitats; coastal development and industrialization; ineffective marine protected areas and lack of enforcement; upstream development that affects water-flow; intensive upstream agricultural practices; and increasing tourism. Bay of Bengal Map. In order to prepare for and mitigate the potentially destabilizing effects of climate change, the Quincy InstitutesSarang Shidore argues that policymakers in Washington need a greater understanding of the most plausible scenarios for climate change and conflict in the region. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. It has a depth of 15,400 ft or 4,694 m and an average water depth of around 2600 m or 8530 ft, indicating that it has significantly deep waters. Browse 151 bay of bengal map photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more photos and images. Bay of Bengal Map - Google My Maps Of the bigger states, the role of the United States is crucial in many of these, as will be the contributions of China and India, notes Shidore. Palk Strait | Depth, Location, Map, & Facts | Britannica Heavy mineral sands are found on the southeastern Indian coast near Chennai and Vishakhapatnam, near Nagapatnam (in Tamil Nadu). Bay of Bengal Maps | Maps of Bay of Bengal - World Maps The Bay of Bengal is an important region for the study of heat balance because it is one of the largest warm-water bays in the world and its waters play a significant role in the regions weather patterns and monsoon circulation. GFS is a forecast model run by theU.S. National WeatherService. The Bay of Bengal and the Curious Case of the Missing Rift Major seaports in the Bay of Bengal. Source: Map from Google (2020a Professors:To request an exam copy, contact[emailprotected]. Bay of Bengal - Banglapedia - ONE Bank Ltd. In Ancient Indian scriptures, this water body may have been referred to as 'Mahodadhi' (Sanskrit: , lit. Sharks are rare in the bay due to human activities. This map shows high-definition satelliteimagery. Atmospheric transport of nutrients is inherently transboundary. The presence of heavy rainfall aids in the growth of tropical evergreen forests in and around the region, which supply a variety of economically viable products ranging from aromatics to fodder to woods to bamboo, and so on. The region is also known for its diverse aquaculture, including fish, shrimp, and crab farming. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Major, densely populated coastal cities such as Chennai, India; Kolkata, India; Dhaka, Bangladesh; Yangon, Myanmar; and Bangkok, Thailand, are at risk. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Go to Map About Bay of Bengal: The Facts: Area: 839,000 sq mi (2,172,000 sq km). Due to high TOC accumulation in the deep sea bed of the Bay of Bengal, the area is rich in oil and natural gas and gas hydrate reserves. A sea or ocean includes both bays and gulfs. Coverage is limited and may show glitches/anomalies. Most important are the Ganges-Brahmaputra, Andhra, Mahadevan, Krishna, and Godavari canyons. Do not use for the preservation of life or property! Kerilia jerdonii is a sea snake of the Bay of Bengal. Surface densities are considerably greater in spring than in fall, when river discharge is highest. It attracted several trading ventures, including the British West India Company. The Bay of Bengal is the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. The bay hosts the worlds largest mangrove forest (Sundarbans) and longest beach (Coxs Bazar). The year ahead promises to bring several gatherings of world leaders that could either continue the trend of declining international cooperation or breathe new life into multilateralism. Resolution is 14 km (9miles). by Steven A. Cook These rivers are of varying lengths and originate mostly within the Bengal region. From January to October, the current is northward flowing, and the clockwise circulation pattern is called the "East Indian Current". This joins the Padma where upon the Padma joins the Meghna River that finally drains into Bay of Bengal. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The maritime dispute between Bangladesh and Myanmar settled in 2012 through the judgement of ITLOS. The Nicobar Islands and the Andaman Islands are part of the Burma Microplate. In the Arabian Sea these storms mostly move in north-westerly direction targeting the Arabian Peninsula, however in some case these storm moves north-eastwards after crossing the 15N latitude and strikes the Gujarati coast. [50] It is bordered to the west by the continental slope of eastern India, to the north by the continental slope of Bangladesh and to east by the northern part of Sunda Trench off Myanmar and the Andaman Islands, the accretionary wedge associated with subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate beneath the Sunda Plate and continues along the west side of the Ninety East Ridge. Spokespeople from. [10], The earliest sign of Muslims in the region came from the textile trade routes where one targeted the east Arabian Sea influencing migration of Arabs and Persians and another to the west causing Buddhist Bengalis to culturally mix with Islam. The Bay of Bengal receives large quantities of fresh water from the river runoff and excess precipitation. The bay itself was formed as the Indian subcontinent collided with Asia within roughly the past 50 million years. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The dry and hot winds from the Sindh region of Pakistan lessen the relative humidity of these monsoon winds and do not allow them to get saturated. India possesses most of the Andaman Islands, except the Preparis and Cocos Islands. Location map of the Bay of Bengal in the northern Indian Ocean region. The Andaman Island group is located 130.357 km from the southwest coast of Myanmar. The Bay of Bengal branch: The Bay of Bengal branch strikes the coast of Myanmar and parts of south-east Bangladesh. Bay of Bengal, large but relatively shallow embayment of the northeastern Indian Ocean, occupying an area of about 839,000 square miles (2,173,000 square km). Sedimentation and most heavy metal contamination tend to be localized and lack a strong transboundary dimension. [48] Their mineralogical and geochemical characteristics allow to identify their Himalayan origin and demonstrate that the Himalaya was already a major mountain range 20million years ago. Temperature. Most of the sediment is supplied by the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers which supply the Lower Meghna delta in Bangladesh and the Hoogly delta in West Bengal (India). Headlands and bays can form when a stretch of coastline is formed from different types of rock. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Climate Security and Instability in the Bay of Bengal Region Bays are of different sizes, with the larger ones referred to as sea, gulfs, bight, or sound. The northeastern part of the Indian Ocean is known as the Bay of Bengal. Geographically, it is positioned between the Indian subcontinent and the Indochinese peninsula, located below the Bengal region (based on which the bay was named during the British Raj). 1997; Weber et al. Updated every 6hours. Fast style plays animationsimmediately. Bangladesh can reclaim land substantially and economically gain from the sea area by constructing sea dikes, bunds, causeways and by trapping the sediment from its rivers. Tuna is one of the most caught fish in the Bay of Bengal. [49], The fan completely covers the floor of the Bay of Bengal. Kushanas about the middle of the 1st century AD invaded northern India perhaps extending as far as the Bay of Bengal. https://www.britannica.com/place/Bay-of-Bengal, Indianetzone - Bay of Bengal, Indian Physiography. Additionally, the Bays coastal ecosystems provide important ecosystem services, such as fishery resources, that support local communities. It is a source of income for the locals and the authorities because it is a pivotal rest point for trade between the far east and the west. February 1, 2023 Bay of Bengal - World in maps Shipwrecks and important shipping incidences, countries are dependent on the Bay of Bengal, Naval operations in the American Revolutionary War. The major transboundary issues relating to shared fisheries are: a decline in the overall availability of fish resources; changes in species composition of catches; the high proportion of juvenile fish in the catch; and changes in marine biodiversity, especially through loss of vulnerable and endangered species. In the Bay of Bengal, storms generally moves . Silky and tiger sharks are vulnerable and rarely seen. Chittagong, Bangladesh, has about 8.6 million people within its metropolitan area. [45] Turbidity currents have transported the sediment through a series of submarine canyons, some of which are more than 2,400 kilometres (1,500mi) in length, to be deposited in the Bay of Bengal up to 30 degrees latitude from where it began. Peninsular Drainage System - INSIGHTSIAS Detailed images from NASA polar-orbiting satellites, withan archive going back to the year2000.
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