Epub 2020 Dec 29. Cooperative Extension prohibits discrimination and harassment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, sex (including pregnancy), disability, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, and veteran status. If we want to differentiate between the quality of all types of potential, we realize that all biotic types can in principle be used reversibly. The fruit is a loculicidal capsule; seeds are arillate, with a starch-rich endosperm and starch-less perisperm. [2] According to Promusa, it is a triploid (AAA) [3] Its official designation is Musa acuminata (AA Group) 'Lakatan'. The Musa acuminata Colla (1820) is a monocotyledon, herbaceous plant, rhizomatous, caespitose, with a short and underground stem and a pseudostem, formed by the foliar bases wrapping strictly one on each other, up to about 4 m of height, of green colour, with wide brown or black spots. WebMusa acuminata, called Cavendish banana, is a large, fast-growing, suckering, evergreen plant that typically grows to 12-20 tall in the tropics. WebGenome-Wide Identification and Transcript Analysis of TCP Gene Family in Banana (Musa acuminata L.) Biochem Genet . triploid forms of Musa acuminata and the triploid hybrid Musa paradisiaca); Musa textilis (Manila-hemp, abac) and Musa basjoo are used as a fiber source for twine, textiles, and building materials. Cladogram of the Zingiberales (after Kress et al. An in vitro bioassay was developed where a low concentration of GA3 was included in the growth medium during the elongation stage of the tissue culture. Dessert bananas have firm pulp when the fruit is not ripe and soft pulp during its maturation (Kajuna et al., 1997). Its oblong leaves are arranged spirally. The Strelitziaceae consist of perennial herbs or trees. Musa is one of three genera in the family Musaceae. Musa acuminata A,B. Unfortunately, the newly emerged tropical race4 (TR4) is highly virulent to Cavendish banana, and a recent outbreak of Panama disease spreads from South-East Asia to Mozambique and Jordan, greatly dampening the agricultural production of banana (Garca-Bastidas et al., 2013). Many of bananas volatile compounds such as esters (Prez et al., 1997) and alcohols (Nogueira et al., 2003) play an important role in the aromatic properties of dessert bananas. WebMusa acuminata: Cultivar group: Cavendish subgroup of the AAA Group: Cultivar group members: See text: Unripe cavendish bananas. Canna generalis (canna-lily). The R2R3-MYB gene family in banana (Musa acuminata): Genome-wide identification, classification and expression patterns The R2R3-MYB genes comprise one of the largest transcription factor gene families in plants, playing regulatory roles in plant-specific developmental processes, defense responses and metabolite accumulation. In the taxonomic separation of M. x sapientum L. from M. x paradisiaca L., genotypic descriptions were used to delimit the constituent taxa in the Musa germplasm (Shepherd, 1990; Simmonds and Weatherup, 1990; Swennen, 1990; Swennen et al., 1995; Vuylsteke et al., 1991), due to the unavailability of more conservative data for characterization. (2006) reported that higher levels of BAP and IBA elevated the percentages of somaclonal variants in Cavendish banana. Winter hardy to USDA Zones 10-11. The common green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is classified as a type of fruit called a legume, rather than a vegetable, while coconuts are not really nuts (though coconuts and true nuts are both fruits). A non-redundant set of 154 MYB genes (MaMYB) is predicted to encode proteins with variable lengths mostly localised in the nucleus. After flowering and fruiting, the pseudostem dies, but the roots push out new shoots (suckers) which form new pseudostems.Genus name honors Antonia Musa, Roman physician of the 1st century B.C.Specific epithet means tapering into a long narrow point.Zebrina (synonymous with Musa zebrina and Musa acuminata subsp. Musa (genus) - Wikipedia Building on this framework, the combination of comparative, population and functional genomics will not only shed light on the mechanisms underlying the evolution of the pathogenicity but also enable the identification of informative pathogenicity-associated candidates that can be used as targets to develop pathotype-specific diagnostic tools and novel therapeutic and disease management programs. Economic importance includes use of fruits of Musa spp. You may do so in The interior layer (endocarp) can range from soft (cucumber, Cucumis sativus) to stony (the stone or pit of the plum (Prunus sp.). The underground stems are rhizomatous (dichotomously branching in at least some), the aerial stems decumbent and herbaceous or arborescent and woody-textured. This range is also valid worldwide. The gynoecium is syncarpous, with an inferior ovary, 3 carpels (the median carpel anterior), and 3 locules; the style is terminal and laminar; placentation is axile; ovules are anatropous, bitegmic, per carpel. The stems are rhizomatous and sympodial. This wild subspecies was 151 involved in the domestication of the vast majority of cultivated bananas and its genetic 152 The other two sections of Musa, Rhodochlamus and Callimusa are only appreciated for their ornamental properties, because parthenocarpy is absent and they do not produce edible fruit. Young inflorescence, with proximal cyme unit (banana hand) of female flowers, subtended by large bract. WebPlant description The Cavendish banana plant is a giant herb. That means the use will maintain the potential. D,E. Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis Musa acuminata ssp. zebrina Musa acuminataColla1is a wild species of banana best known for being at the origin of the vast majority of cultivated bananas, by itself or through hybridization with Musa balbisiana. The abiotic potentials are those of gathering and filtering water, cleaning air and providing technical raw materials. FIGURE 7.58. Family ex Paxton.. Hierbas, 4 7 m de alto. microcarpa, M. acuminata subsp. Yong Zhang, Li-Jun Ma, in Advances in Genetics, 2017. (Figures 7.59A, 7.60). Musa acuminata is diploid, that is it has two sets of chromosomes. Whole plant, showing (basal) leaves (arising from rhizome) and lateral, erect inflorescence. Fruits are botanically different from what are often distinguished as being fruits or vegetables. Reports on taxonomic research on Musa (Shepherd, 1990; Simmonds and Weatherup, 1990; Swennen, 1990; Swennen et al., 1995) avoided the use of the names Musa x paradisiaca L. for plantain and M. x sapientum L. for banana. The gynoecium is syncarpous, with an inferior ovary, 3 carpels (the median carpel anterior), and 1 or 3 locules; the style is terminal and positioned in the furrow of the filament and between the anther thecae; placentation is axile or parietal; ovules are anatropous, bitegmic, and per carpel. (2001) and Johansen (2005) for phylogenetic analyses of this group. P 3+3 A 1, petaloid & monothecal + 14 petaloid stamin-odes G (3), inferior. Leaf sheathes overlap to form a trunk-like pseudostem (false stem). Eli Khayat, in Plant Biotechnology and Agriculture, 2012. The perianth is biseriate and homochlamydeous, 3+3, and apotepalous. It has yellow to white flowers that grow in clusters on a stem - a floral structure known as an inflorescence. See Larsen et al. Plants are insect-pollinated. Banana The long green "fingers" are the female flowers' ovaries which will ripen into bananas. Musa Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of WebBeing the ancient parents of most edible bananas, M. acuminata and M. balbisiana are of special importance. The current global production of more than 100 million tons is based on large-scale vegetative propagation of a small number of genotypes, which derive from only a few ancient events. Banana (Musa acuminata, AAA group) is a representative climacteric fruit with essential nutrients and pleasant flavors. Calathea louisae. In this review, we investigated the scientific justification of this extensive usage. family Here we describe the draft sequence of the 523-megabase genome of a Musa acuminata doubled-haploid genotype, providing a crucial stepping-stone for genetic Taxonomically, it is included in subkingdom Viridiplantae, division Tracheophyta, subdivision Spermatophytina, order Zingiberales, family Musaceae and is known as Musa acuminata Colla (www.theplantlist.org, www.itis.gov). The Musaceae consist of monoecious, perennial herbs. The family Musaceae has three genera, Musa, Ensete and Musella (Constantine and Rossel, 2001), of which Musa is represented by 65 species encompassing the wild and domesticated bananas and plantains. Note black seeds covered at base with (orange) arils. It thrives best in areas with mean annual temperature of 2630C. Whereas most of the cultivars come from the genomes of Musa acuminata Colla and Musa balbisiana Colla, it became almost impossible to point which is the banana species. banksii, M. acuminata var. B. Zingiberaceae. In Africa, especially Ghana and Uganda, they are important staple food crops (Dei-Tutu, 1975; Goode, 1974). Often places, where raw materials were first mined or extracted, become areas of waste deposits later that are then probably contaminated. products: an under-utilized renewable food Strelitziaceae. Hedychium sp. Note: Source: Bakry et al. family C. Inflorescence cross-section, showing spathe and monochasium of flowers (ovaries seen in cross-section), each flower subtended by a bract. Our knowledge gathered during the last 200years allows us to estimate the soil's potential much better as long as the soils are not heavily disturbed. Musa paradisiaca. malaccensis (DHont et al. while mesocarp, the middle layer, is often soft, like the flesh of the mango (M. indica). - Banana family P: Genus: Musa L. - banana P: Species: Musa acuminata Colla - edible banana P family Plantains are consumed necessarily cooked and used as raw material for production of flour, crisps, beer, and wine (Akubor, 2003; Lemaire et al., 1997). Leaves and stems of all members of the order have diaphragmed air chambers (Figure 7.55C) and possess silica cells (although the latter is not apomorphic for this order alone). Musa acuminata Colla There is an urgent need to decipher the mechanisms underlying fungal pathogenesis and to develop effective and diverse antifungal therapies to control this group of eukaryotic pathogens. Input of dust, gases or other elements that enter the soils can be filtered and fixed. Outdoor plants must be overwintered indoors, either as houseplants or by forcing plants into dormancy. When the ovule(s) develop to form seed(s) in the ovary, the ovary wall generally becomes thicker and forms three layers that constitute the pericarp. B. Close-up of shoot, showing sheathing leaves. Though they grow as high as trees, banana and plantain plants are not woody and their apparent "stem" is made up of the bases of the huge leaf stalks. The family Musaceae has three genera, Musa, Ensete and Musella (Constantine and Rossel, 2001), of which Musa is represented by 65 species encompassing the wild and domesticated bananas and plantains. Musa However, triploid ensures sterility of the fruit enabling it to be eaten without risks of finding seeds. Heliconiaceae, Heliconia spp., all with showy bracts. The banana breeding programs worldwide have generated successful tetraploid hybrids from crosses between triploid cultivars and wild or improved diploids, which have agronomic traits of interest including small size, resistance to pests, and physicochemical quality of fruits (Silva et al., 2002). Thus, they are technically gigantic herbaceous plants. Musa acuminata (AA Group) Lakatan Most edible cultivars derived from M. acuminata (A genome, size 591615Mbp) and M. balbisiana (B genome, average size 537Mbp) (Jones, 1999; Lysak et al., 1999) arose as a consequence of either female sterility or parthenocarpy (Jones, 1999; Sharrock, 1996). Musa acuminata (Banana) is a large, fast-growing, suckering evergreen perennial boasting huge, paddle-shaped leaves, up to 6-10 ft. long (180-300 cm). Erect spikes of cream to yellow flowers adorned with showy bracts appear seasonally on mature plants (2-3 years old). They are followed by edible yellow bananas. The family Musaceae has three genera, Musa, Ensete and Musella (Constantine and Rossel, 2001), of which Musa is represented by 65 species encompassing the Historically, wine has been referred to as the drink of the gods, used in religious practices, and has always been a significant part of Mediterranean culture. Note distichous, sheathing, cauline leaves. USDA Plants Database Regardless of the cause, the correlation between the number of propagules per explant and the frequency of somaclonal variation is decisive. Palanisamy et al. However, in some areas, particularly West Africa, the fruit is also pounded. Musa Lastly, all Zingiberales have an inferior ovary (Figures 7.54, 7.60D). WebM. The recent study identified 84 pairs of segmentally duplicated NAC genes and five groups of tandemly duplicated NAC genes in the broom corn millet NAC family (Shan et al., 2020). Agroecology. The potential goods and services a particular soil is able to provide should be visualized before making decisions on which function the soil should be used for. At any time, the same soil has several types of potential. H. Close-up of fruit, a capsule. This fruit found in Indonesia, and its peel has a high concentration of potassium and vitamin C to protect against free radical. In addition, some cultivars have genome from other wild species, e.g., Musa schizocarpa N.W.Simmonds (S genome) from Eumusa and Musa textilis Ne (T genome) from Australimusa. It is best to provide just a touch of moisture as needed in winter to prevent the soils from totally drying out; (3) If container is too heavy or too large to bring inside, remove plant from container in fall before first frost, wrap roots in plastic and store in a cool, dark, frost-free corner of the basement until spring. Banana plants belong to the Musaceae family. The sweet, creamy fruit continues to ripen after harvest, turning from green and starchy to black-spotted yellow and sweet. Table 2. halabanensis, M. acuminata subsp. Many commercial cultivars are often bred to be seedless. Banana ( Musa acuminata, AAA group) is a representative climacteric fruit with essential nutrients and pleasant flavors. H. Inflorescence. The fruits from subspecies AA and AAA are sweeter and include almost all the cultivars of current market importance. On the other hand, Reuveni and Israeli (1990) showed opposite results. Members of the Cannaceae have distributions in the warm American tropics. Thus, the genome with eleven chromosomes (2n=22) is characteristic of Eumusa and Rhodoclamys, while ten chromosomes (2n=20) is found in Callimusa and also from Australimusa. Musa acuminata G. Leaves spiral, monistichous (borne along one row). The R2R3-MYB gene family in banana (Musa acuminata): Genome catecholamines (Kanazawa and Sakakibara, 2000), phenolics (Verde-Mendez et al., 2003), and carotenoid compounds (Van den Berg et al., 2000), as well as pyridoxine (vitamin B6Leklem, 1999). 3 genera (Ensete, Musa, and Musella) / ca. A total of 48 TCP genes were characterized by the M. acuminata genome. A. The same author reported that Musa acuminata Colla (banana) fruit pulp lowers cholesterol, mainly due to the presence of fibers. Musa acuminata Banana (Musa acuminata) is a perennial, monocotyledonous major fruit crop grown all over the tropical and sub-tropical country, especially in the African, Asia-Pacific, and Latin American and Caribbean regions [58,59]. 2021 Feb 15;170:636-651. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.167. The Landing Pad hypothesis of retrotransposable elements may explain the high frequency of dwarf mutants in Musa. Here organic material as well as mineral materials existing in the soil or introduced into it can be altered and have a different appearance thereafter. Since 2006, no new class of antifungal agent has been approved (Denning & Bromley, 2015). subspecies Musa acuminata ssp. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Ancestral DNA, Human Origins, and Migrations, An engineering view to micropropagation and generation of true to type and pathogen-free plants, Hwang, 1986; Cote et al., 1993; Krikorian et al., 1993; Khayat etal., 2004, Soil functions, soil potential uses and ecosystem services, Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences, O'Donnell, Kistler, Cigelnik, & Ploetz, 1998, Price, Parker, Warrilow, Kelly, & Kelly, 2015, Al-Hatmi, Hagen, Menken, Meis, & de Hoog, 2016, Short, O'Donnell, Zhang, Juba, & Geiser, 2011, http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/antifungal-resistance.html, Diversity and Classification of Flowering Plants, (Artwork by Ida Lopez, by permission of W. J.
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